1استادیار گروه زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهر قدس. تهران، ایران.
2دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهر قدس. تهران، ایران.
3دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.
چکیده
بهمنظور بررسی اثر محلولپاشی نانو ذرات تیتانیوم بر صفات بیوشیمیایی، تکنولوژیکی و عملکرد چغندرقند، این آزمایش بهصورت کرتهای خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی ایستگاه مهندس مطهری کمالآباد کرج در سال 1393 انجام شد. کرتهای اصلی به مرحله محلولپاشی (شامل سه مرحله 14-10، 20-14 و 24-20 برگی بوتهها) و کرت فرعی به غلظت محلول (شامل چهار سطح آب مقطر (شاهد) و اسپری محلول نانوذره دیاکسیدتیتانیوم با غلظت 100، 300 و 500 میلیگرم بر لیتر) اختصاص دادهشد. نتایج نشان داد غلظت محلول دیاکسید تیتانیوم در سطح احتمال یک درصد بر عیار قندناخالص و خالص اثر معنیداری گذاشت. بهنحوی که بیشترین درصد قند (15/5 درصد) و درصد قند قابلاستحصال (11/3 درصد) با کاربرد 100 و 300 میلیگرم دیاکسید تیتانیوم بر لیتر حاصل شد که در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد معادل 0/5 و 0/8 واحد بهبود یافت. این تأثیر مستقل از مرحله محلولپاشی بود. از سوی دیگر، تأثیرات کاربرد دیاکسید تیتانیوم بر ناخالصیهای ریشه موجب شد تا ضریب استحصال شکر با محلولپاشی 100 میلیگرم دیاکسید تیتانیوم بر لیتر معادل 2/5 واحد افزایش معنیداری را تجربه کند. با افزایش غلظت نانوذره دیاکسیدتیتانیوم، از یکسو بر مقدار آنزیم کاتالاز، پروتئین محلول برگ و کاروتنوییدها افزوده شد و ازسوی دیگر، مقدار آنزیم پراکسیداز و کلروفیل a و b کاهش یافت. درمجموع، کاربرد این ماده شیمیایی طی فصل رشد، با غلظت 100 میلیگرم نانوذره دیاکسیدتیتانیوم بر لیتر میتواند بهبود کیفیت محصول چغندرقند را بهدنبال داشتهباشد.
Evaluation of TiO2 nanoparticles application on sugar beet
نویسندگان [English]
P. Moaveni1؛ K. Sharifi2؛ D. Taleghani3
1Assistant Professor of Department of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University, Ghods branch, Tehran, Iran.
2Graduate Student, Department of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University, Ghods branch, Tehran, Iran.
3Associate professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]
The effect of foliar application of titanium (Ti) nanoparticles on biochemical, technological, and yield traits of sugar beet was studied in a split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with four replications at Motahari Research Station, Kamalabad, Karaj, Iran in 2014. Main plot was assigned to foliar application stage (including 12-14, 25-30, and 30-35 leaf stage) and the sub-plots to solution dosage (including four levels of distilled water (control) and foliar application of TiO2 at 100, 300, and 500 mg/L levels). Results showed that TiO2 rate influenced sugar content and white sugar content significantly (p < 0.01) so that the highest sugar content (15.5%) and white sugar content (11.3%) were obtained from 100 and 300 mg/L TiO2 application, showing an improvement of 0.5 and 0.8 units versus control. This effect was independent of foliar application stage. On the other hand, the effect of TiO2 application on root impurities caused a significant increase of 2.5 units in the extraction coefficient of sugar treated with 100 mg/L TiO2. The increase in the rate of TiO2 nanoparticles increased enzyme catalase, leaf soluble protein, and carotenoids and also decreased peroxidase and chlorophyll a and b. Overall, the TiO2 nanoparticles application at 100 mg/L during the growing season can improve the quality of sugar beet corp.
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